Gazi isanzwe (LNG) ni gaze karemano, yiganjemo metani, yakonje kugeza kumazi kugirango byorohewe n'umutekano wo kubika no gutwara. Ifata hafi 1/600 ingano ya gaze naturel muri reta ya gaze.
Dutanga ibimera bya gazi isanzwe muri micro (mini) nubunini buto. Ubushobozi bwibihingwa bufite kuva kuri 13 kugeza kuri Toni zirenga 200 / kumunsi yumusaruro wa LNG (20.000 kugeza 300.000 Nm3/ d).
Kugaburira gaze:
- Field Imirima ya gaze ihagaze
- Gas Gazi ifitanye isano / yaka umuriro
- ● Biogas
- Gas Imiyoboro y'amazi
Uruganda rwuzuye rwa LNG rurimo sisitemu eshatu: sisitemu yo gutunganya, sisitemu yo kugenzura ibikoresho na sisitemu yingirakamaro. Ukurikije amasoko atandukanye yo mu kirere, irashobora guhinduka.
Ukurikije uko ibintu bimeze isoko ya gaze, twefata inzira nziza na gahunda yubukungu cyane kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo bitandukanye byabakiriya.Ibikoresho byashizwe hejuru bituma ubwikorezi nogushiraho byoroha.
1. Sisitemu yo gutunganya
Kugaburira gaze gasanzwe kotswa igitutu nyuma yo kuyungurura, gutandukana, kugenzura umuvuduko no gupima, hanyuma ikinjira muri sisitemu yo gutunganya gaze gasanzwe. Nyuma yo gukuraho CO2, H.2S, Hg, H.2 O na hydrocarbone iremereye, yinjira mumasanduku akonje. Noneho Irakonjeshwa mumasahani ya fin fin yubushyuhe, ikanangwa nyuma yo kuyungurura, hanyuma igakonjeshwa, igajugunywa hanyuma ikamurika kuri flash tank, hanyuma, icyiciro cyamazi cyatandukanijwe cyinjira mububiko bwa LNG nkibicuruzwa bya LNG.
Igicapo cya skid cyatewe na LNG Uruganda ni nkibi bikurikira:
Sisitemu yo gutunganya ibihingwa bya LNG birimo:
- Kugaburira gazi kuyungurura, gutandukana, kugenzura igitutu no gupima;
- Kugaburira ishami rya gaze
- Unit Igice cyo kubanziriza (harimo deacidification, dehidrasi no gukuraho hydrocarubone iremereye, mercure no kuvanaho ivumbi);
- Unit Igice cyo kugereranya MR hamwe na MR compression cycle unit;
- Unit Igice cya LNG cyamazi (harimo na denitrification unit);
1.1 Ibiranga sisitemu yimikorere
1.1.1 Kugaburira ishami ryitegura gaze
Uburyo bwo gutunganya ibiryo bigaburira gazi bifite ibimenyetso bikurikira:
- ● Kurandura igisubizo cya MDEA bifite akamaro ko kubira ifuro rito, kwangirika gake no gutakaza amine.
- ● Molecular sieve adsorption ikoreshwa mukubura umwuma mwinshi, kandi iracyafite inyungu nyinshi za adsorption ndetse no munsi yumuvuduko wamazi wamazi.
- ● Gukoresha karubone ikora ya karubone ikora kugirango ikureho mercure ihendutse kubiciro. Mercure ikora hamwe na sulfure kuri sulfure yatewe na karubone ikora kugirango ikore sulfide ya mercure, iyamamaza kuri karubone ikora kugirango igere ku gukuraho mercure.
- Filt Ibintu byungurura neza birashobora gushungura molekile ya elegitoronike hamwe nu mukungugu wa karubone ukora munsi ya 5 mm.
1.1.2 Igice cyo kuyungurura no gukonjesha
Uburyo bwatoranijwe bwo gutunganya no gukonjesha ni MRC (ivanze na firigo) ikonjesha, ikaba ikoresha ingufu nke. Ubu buryo bufite ingufu nke zikoreshwa muburyo bukoreshwa bwa firigo, bigatuma igiciro cyibicuruzwa bihiganwa ku isoko. Igereranya rya firigo irigenga ugereranije nigice kizenguruka. Mugihe gikora, igice kigereranya cyuzuza firigo kumashanyarazi azenguruka, bikomeza imikorere ihamye yikizunguruka; Igice kimaze gufungwa, igice cyagereranijwe kirashobora kubika firigo uhereye kumuvuduko mwinshi wigice cyo guhunika utiriwe usohora firigo. Ibi ntibishobora kubika firigo gusa, ariko kandi bigabanya igihe gikurikira cyo gutangira.
Imyanda yose mumasanduku ikonje irasudwa, kandi ntaho uhurira na flange mumasanduku akonje kugirango ugabanye ingingo zisohoka mumasanduku akonje.
1.2 Ibikoresho by'ingenzi bya buri gice
| S / N. | Izina ryigice | Ibikoresho by'ingenzi | |
| 1 | Kugaburira gazi yo kuyungurura no kugenzura igice | Kugaburira gazi itandukanya, fluxmeter, kugenzura igitutu, kugaburira gaze compressor | |
| 2 | Igice cyo kubanziriza | Igice cyo gukuraho | Absorber na regenerator |
| Igice cyo kubura amazi | Umunara wa Adsorption, umushyushya mushya, gukonjesha gaze no gutandukanya gaze | ||
| Igice kinini cyo gukuraho hydrocarubone | Umunara wa Adsorption | ||
| Gukuraho mercure no kuyungurura | Gukuraho mercure no kuyungurura ivumbi | ||
| 3 | Igice cyamazi | Agasanduku gakonje, isahani yubushyuhe, gutandukanya, umunara wa denitrification | |
| 4 | Igice cya firigo ivanze | Firigo ikwirakwiza compressor hamwe na tank igereranya | |
| 5 | Igice cyo gupakira LNG | Sisitemu yo gupakira | |
| 6 | Igice cyo kugarura Bog | Bog regenerator | |
2. Sisitemu yo kugenzura ibikoresho
Kugirango ukurikirane neza imikorere yumusaruro wuzuye wibikoresho, no kwemeza imikorere yizewe no gukora neza no kubungabunga, sisitemu yo kugenzura ibikoresho ahanini ikubiyemo:
Sisitemu yo kugenzura ikwirakwizwa (DCS)
umutekano Sisitemu y'ibikoresho (SIS)
Sisitemu yo Kumenyesha umuriro na Gaz Detector (FGS)
Televiziyo ifunze (CCTV)
Sisitemu yo gusesengura
Kandi ibikoresho-bisobanutse neza (flowmeter, analyseur, thermometero, gage yumuvuduko) byujuje ibisabwa. Sisitemu itanga iboneza ryiza, ibikorwa byo kugenzura no gukurikirana, harimo gushaka amakuru, kugenzura gufunga-kugenzura, kugenzura imikorere yimikorere, guhuza amakuru na serivisi, gutunganya amakuru nyayo no kwerekana, serivisi yerekana, kwerekana ibishushanyo, serivisi yerekana raporo na indi mirimo. Iyo habaye ibyihutirwa mubice bibyara umusaruro cyangwa sisitemu ya FGS ikohereza ikimenyetso cyo gutabaza, SIS yohereza ikimenyetso cyo kurinda umutekano kugirango ikingire ibikoresho biri aho, kandi sisitemu ya FGS iramenyesha ishami rishinzwe kuzimya umuriro icyarimwe.
3. Sisitemu y'ingirakamaro
Ubu buryo bukubiyemo cyane cyane: ibikoresho byo mu kirere, ibikoresho bya azote, ishami ry’amavuta yohereza ubushyuhe, igice cy’amazi yanduye hamwe n’amazi akonjesha.
