Guhitamo 50 × 10⁴m³/ D uruganda rusanzwe rwamazi

Intangiriro

Kubaka umushinga 50 × 10⁴m³ / D umushinga wa gazi isanzwe hamwe nibikoresho bifasha hamwe na 10000 m3 LNG yuzuye. Ibice nyamukuru bitunganyirizwamo ibiryo byokugaburira gazi, ishami rya decarbonisation, ishami rya dehidrasi, mercure hamwe nogukuraho hydrocarubone iremereye, ishami ryamazi, ububiko bwa firigo, igitutu cya flash, igitutu cya LNG nibikoresho byo gupakira.

Nigute uburyo bwo kuvura gaze mbere yo gutemba bukora?

Iriba ryibiryo byibimera biza muburyo bwa gaze na pipe. Gazi isanzwe ikurwa mubutaka irimo umwanda, amazi nandi mazi ajyanye nayo, kuburyo mbere yuko amazi ashobora kubaho, gaze igomba kunyura muburyo bwo kuvura kugirango ikureho ibintu bitifuzwa. Gazi inyura murukurikirane rwamato, compressor hamwe nu miyoboro aho gaze itandukanijwe buhoro buhoro n'amazi aremereye hamwe n’umwanda.

Ubwa mbere, amazi na kondensate bivanwaho, bigakurikirwagukuraho gaze ya aside (Dioxyde de carbone, CO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) na mercure (Hg). Ibi bintu ntibikenewe, kuko bishobora gutera urubura mugihe cyo kuyungurura no kwangirika mumiyoboro hamwe no guhanahana ubushyuhe bwa LNG. Ibivangavanze bisigaye byateguwe mbere, nibindi, biremereye, amazi ya gaze karemano noneho bitandukanijwe nuruvange mbere yuko amazi abaho. Hydrocarbone yakuweho irashobora kubikwa no kugurishwa ukwayo. Gazi isigaye ahanini igizwe na metani na Ethane zimwe na zimwe, zizanwa mumazi.

Umwuka wa gazi ya gazi, bita LNG, uhuza gaze gasanzwe mumazi ukonjesha gaze gasanzwe munsi yumuvuduko ukabije kugeza - 162 ℃. Kuvomera gazi karemano birashobora kuzigama cyane ahantu ho guhunika no gutwara abantu, kandi bifite ibyiza byagaciro gakomeye ka calorifique, imikorere myiza, bifasha kuringaniza kugenzura imitwaro yo mumijyi, bifasha kurengera ibidukikije, kugabanya umwanda mumijyi nibindi.

Gahunda yimikorere ikubiyemo cyane cyane: kugaburira gazi kugaburira no gupima,ishami risukura gaze gasanzwehamwe na gaze ya gazi isanzwe, sisitemu yo kubika firigo, sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza firigo, ububiko bwa LNG nububiko.

Gazi isanzwe (LNG) ni gaze karemano, yiganjemo metani, yakonje kugeza kumazi kugirango byorohewe n'umutekano wo kubika no gutwara. Ifata hafi 1/600 ingano ya gaze naturel muri reta ya gaze.

Dutanga ibimera bya gazi isanzwe muri micro (mini) nubunini buto. Ubushobozi bwibihingwa bufite kuva kuri 13 kugeza kuri Toni zirenga 200 / kumunsi yumusaruro wa LNG (18,000 kugeza 300.000 Nm³/ d).

Uruganda rwuzuye rwa LNG rurimo sisitemu eshatu: sisitemu yo gutunganya, sisitemu yo kugenzura ibikoresho na sisitemu yingirakamaro. Ukurikije amasoko atandukanye yo mu kirere, irashobora guhinduka.

Dukurikije uko ibintu bimeze bituruka kuri gazi, twemeje inzira nziza na gahunda yubukungu kugirango twuzuze ibyifuzo bitandukanye byabakiriya. Ibikoresho byashizwe hejuru bituma ubwikorezi nogushiraho byoroha.

1. Sisitemu yo gutunganya

Kugaburira gaze gasanzwe kotswa igitutu nyuma yo kuyungurura, gutandukana, kugenzura umuvuduko no gupima, hanyuma ikinjira muri sisitemu yo gutunganya gaze gasanzwe. Nyuma yo gukuraho CO₂, H.₂S, Hg, H.₂ O na hydrocarbone iremereye, yinjira mumasanduku akonje. Noneho Irakonjeshwa mumasahani ya fin fin yubushyuhe, ikanangwa nyuma yo kuyungurura, hanyuma igakonjeshwa, igajugunywa hanyuma ikamurika kuri flash tank, hanyuma, icyiciro cyamazi cyatandukanijwe cyinjira mububiko bwa LNG nkibicuruzwa bya LNG.

Igicapo cya skid cyatewe na LNG Uruganda ni nkibi bikurikira:

Sisitemu yo gutunganya ibihingwa bya LNG birimo:

• Kugaburira gazi kuyungurura, gutandukana, kugenzura igitutu no gupima;

• Kugaburira ishami rya gaze

• Unit Igice cyo kwitegura (harimodeacidification,umwumano gukuraho hydrocarubone iremereye, mercure no gukuramo ivumbi);

• Unit Igice cyo kugereranya MR hamwe na MR compression cycle unit;

• Unit Igice cya LNG cyamazi (harimo na denitrification unit);

1.1 Ibiranga sisitemu yimikorere

1.1.1 Kugaburira ishami ryitegura gaze

Uburyo bwo gutunganya ibiryo bigaburira gazi bifite ibimenyetso bikurikira:

• ●Deacidification hamwe na MDEA igisubizoifite ibyiza byo kubira ifuro rito, kwangirika gake no gutakaza amine nto.

• ●Molecular sive adsorptionikoreshwa mu kubura umwuma mwinshi, kandi iracyafite inyungu nyinshi ya adsorption ndetse no munsi yumuvuduko wamazi wamazi.

• ● Gukoresha karubone ikora ya karubone ikora kugirango ikureho mercure ihendutse kubiciro. Mercure ikora hamwe na sulfure kuri sulfure yatewe na karubone ikora kugirango ikore sulfide ya mercure, iyamamaza kuri karubone ikora kugirango igere ku gukuraho mercure.

• Filt Ibintu byungurura neza birashobora gushungura molekile ya elegitoronike hamwe nu mukungugu wa karubone ukora munsi ya 5 mm.

1.1.2 Igice cyo kuyungurura no gukonjesha

Uburyo bwatoranijwe bwo gutunganya no gukonjesha ni MRC (ivanze na firigo) ikonjesha, ikaba ikoresha ingufu nke. Ubu buryo bufite ingufu nke zikoreshwa muburyo bukoreshwa bwa firigo, bigatuma igiciro cyibicuruzwa bihiganwa ku isoko. Igereranya rya firigo irigenga ugereranije nigice kizenguruka. Mugihe gikora, igice kigereranya cyuzuza firigo kumashanyarazi azenguruka, bikomeza imikorere ihamye yikizunguruka; Igice kimaze gufungwa, igice cyagereranijwe kirashobora kubika firigo uhereye kumuvuduko mwinshi wigice cyo guhunika utiriwe usohora firigo. Ibi ntibishobora kubika firigo gusa, ariko kandi bigabanya igihe gikurikira cyo gutangira.

Imyanda yose mumasanduku ikonje irasudwa, kandi ntaho uhurira na flange mumasanduku akonje kugirango ugabanye ingingo zisohoka mumasanduku akonje.

1.2 Ibikoresho by'ingenzi bya buri gice

2. Sisitemu yo kugenzura ibikoresho

Kugirango ukurikirane neza imikorere yumusaruro wuzuye wibikoresho, no kwemeza imikorere yizewe no gukora neza no kubungabunga, sisitemu yo kugenzura ibikoresho ahanini ikubiyemo:

Sisitemu yo kugenzura ikwirakwizwa (DCS)

Sisitemu yumutekano wibikoresho (SIS)

Sisitemu yo Kumenyesha umuriro na Gaz Detector (FGS)

Televiziyo ifunze (CCTV)

Sisitemu yo gusesengura

Kandi ibikoresho-bisobanutse neza (flowmeter, analyseur, thermometero, gage yumuvuduko) byujuje ibisabwa. Sisitemu itanga iboneza ryiza, ibikorwa byo kugenzura no gukurikirana, harimo gushaka amakuru, kugenzura gufunga-kugenzura, kugenzura imikorere yimikorere, guhuza amakuru na serivisi, gutunganya amakuru nyayo no kwerekana, serivisi yerekana, kwerekana ibishushanyo, serivisi yerekana raporo na indi mirimo. Iyo habaye ibyihutirwa mubice bibyara umusaruro cyangwa sisitemu ya FGS ikohereza ikimenyetso cyo gutabaza, SIS yohereza ikimenyetso cyo kurinda umutekano kugirango ikingire ibikoresho biri aho, kandi sisitemu ya FGS iramenyesha ishami rishinzwe kuzimya umuriro icyarimwe.

3. Sisitemu y'ingirakamaro

Ubu buryo bukubiyemo cyane cyane: ibikoresho byo mu kirere, ibikoresho bya azote, ishami ry’amavuta yohereza ubushyuhe, igice cy’amazi yanduye hamwe n’amazi akonjesha.